diff --git a/tests/test_no_data_handling.py b/tests/test_no_data_handling.py
index 355bc76bf..20e1adb7b 100644
--- a/tests/test_no_data_handling.py
+++ b/tests/test_no_data_handling.py
@@ -95,11 +95,11 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
 @pytest.mark.unit
 def test_an_unreachable_yahoo_is_not_reported_as_a_symbol_without_insider_data():
-    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorRateLimitError
+    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorUnavailableError
     from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.yahoo import fundamentals
 
     ticker = type("T", (), {"insider_transactions": pd.DataFrame()})()
     with mock.patch.object(fundamentals.yf, "Ticker", return_value=ticker), \
          mock.patch.object(fundamentals, "vendor_reachable", return_value=False), \
-         pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError):
+         pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError):
         fundamentals.get_insider_transactions("AAPL", as_of_date="2026-09-21")
diff --git a/tests/test_sec_edgar.py b/tests/test_sec_edgar.py
index d1729ce51..848fa5be0 100644
--- a/tests/test_sec_edgar.py
+++ b/tests/test_sec_edgar.py
@@ -144,13 +144,13 @@ def test_a_throttle_lets_the_next_vendor_try(monkeypatch):
     """SEC throttles by refusing the request; the router then tries yfinance."""
     import requests
 
-    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorRateLimitError
+    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorUnavailableError
 
     def _throttled(*a, **k):
         raise requests.HTTPError(response=mock.Mock(status_code=429))
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(sec_edgar.requests, "get", _throttled)
-    with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError):
+    with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError):
         _REAL_FETCH("https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0000320193.json")
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_undated_tools_as_of.py b/tests/test_undated_tools_as_of.py
index ea3450083..6af796ae6 100644
--- a/tests/test_undated_tools_as_of.py
+++ b/tests/test_undated_tools_as_of.py
@@ -196,14 +196,14 @@ def test_an_unreachable_vendor_is_not_reported_as_a_missing_symbol(monkeypatch):
     company has no balance sheet, when the truth is we could not ask."""
     import pandas as pd
 
-    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorRateLimitError
+    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorUnavailableError
     from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.yahoo import ohlcv
 
     empty = mock.Mock(quarterly_balance_sheet=pd.DataFrame(), balance_sheet=pd.DataFrame())
     monkeypatch.setattr(yahoo_market.yf, "Ticker", lambda s: empty)
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(ohlcv, "vendor_reachable", lambda url: False)
-    with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError, match="unreachable"):
+    with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError, match="unreachable"):
         yahoo_fundamentals.get_balance_sheet("AAPL", "annual", "2026-09-01")
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(ohlcv, "vendor_reachable", lambda url: True)
@@ -216,10 +216,10 @@ def test_every_vendor_unavailable_says_so_rather_than_crashing(monkeypatch):
     """A throttled or unreachable chain used to raise RuntimeError('No available
     vendor'), which ends the run, and never said the vendor was the problem."""
     from tradingagents.dataflows import router
-    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorRateLimitError
+    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorUnavailableError
 
     def _down(*a, **k):
-        raise VendorRateLimitError("Yahoo Finance is unreachable")
+        raise VendorUnavailableError("Yahoo Finance is unreachable")
 
     monkeypatch.setitem(router.VENDOR_METHODS["get_balance_sheet"], "yfinance", _down)
 
@@ -235,13 +235,13 @@ def test_the_price_path_also_tells_an_outage_from_an_unknown_symbol(monkeypatch)
     delisted symbol either."""
     import pandas as pd
 
-    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorRateLimitError
+    from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorUnavailableError
     from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.yahoo import ohlcv
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(yahoo_market.yf, "Ticker", lambda s: mock.Mock(history=lambda **k: pd.DataFrame()))
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(ohlcv, "vendor_reachable", lambda url: False)
-    with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError, match="unreachable"):
+    with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError, match="unreachable"):
         yahoo_market.get_YFin_data_online("AAPL", "2026-09-01", "2026-09-10")
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(ohlcv, "vendor_reachable", lambda url: True)
diff --git a/tests/test_vendor_errors.py b/tests/test_vendor_errors.py
index 51e2f15fd..0f65da1f3 100644
--- a/tests/test_vendor_errors.py
+++ b/tests/test_vendor_errors.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import (
     NoMarketDataError,
     VendorError,
     VendorNotConfiguredError,
-    VendorRateLimitError,
+    VendorUnavailableError,
 )
 from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.alpha_vantage.common import (
     AlphaVantageNotConfiguredError,
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.fred import FredNotConfiguredError
 @pytest.mark.unit
 class HierarchyTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_all_conditions_derive_from_vendor_error(self):
-        for cls in (NoMarketDataError, VendorRateLimitError, VendorNotConfiguredError):
+        for cls in (NoMarketDataError, VendorUnavailableError, VendorNotConfiguredError):
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(cls, VendorError))
 
     def test_not_configured_is_still_a_value_error(self):
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class HierarchyTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(VendorNotConfiguredError, ValueError))
 
     def test_vendor_named_errors_subclass_the_generic_bases(self):
-        self.assertTrue(issubclass(AlphaVantageRateLimitError, VendorRateLimitError))
+        self.assertTrue(issubclass(AlphaVantageRateLimitError, VendorUnavailableError))
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(AlphaVantageNotConfiguredError, VendorNotConfiguredError))
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(FredNotConfiguredError, VendorNotConfiguredError))
         # ... and therefore still ValueErrors
diff --git a/tests/test_yahoo_rate_limit.py b/tests/test_yahoo_rate_limit.py
index c441ef1b1..a24f1d179 100644
--- a/tests/test_yahoo_rate_limit.py
+++ b/tests/test_yahoo_rate_limit.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from tradingagents.agents.tools import (
 )
 from tradingagents.dataflows import router
 from tradingagents.dataflows.config import set_config
-from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorRateLimitError
+from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorUnavailableError
 from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.yahoo import fundamentals, ohlcv
 
 DAY = "2026-09-18"
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def test_the_indicator_path_retries_a_rate_limit(yahoo):
 def test_yfinance_raises_the_rate_limit_from_history(yahoo):
     yahoo.setattr(YfData, "_make_request", _rate_limited)
 
-    with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError, match="rate limited"):
+    with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError, match="rate limited"):
         ohlcv.load_ohlcv("AAPL", DAY)
 
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def test_a_price_request_that_raises_is_unavailable_whether_or_not_yahoo_answers
     yahoo.setattr(yf.Ticker, "history", refused)
     for reachable in (False, True):
         yahoo.setattr(ohlcv, "vendor_reachable", lambda url, _r=reachable: _r)
-        with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError, match="request failed"):
+        with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError, match="request failed"):
             ohlcv.load_ohlcv("AAPL", DAY)
 
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def test_a_price_request_that_fails_is_unavailable_even_when_yahoo_answers(monke
     monkeypatch.setattr(ohlcv.yf, "Ticker", lambda s: type("T", (), {"history": lambda self, **k: timed_out(**k)})())
     monkeypatch.setattr(ohlcv, "vendor_reachable", lambda url: True)
 
-    with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError):
+    with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError):
         ohlcv.load_ohlcv("NVDA", "2026-09-23")
 
 
@@ -174,5 +174,5 @@ def test_a_yahoo_request_that_fails_is_unavailable_not_absent(yahoo, call):
     yahoo.setattr(yf, "Ticker", _Unreachable)
     yahoo.setattr(yf, "Search", _Unreachable)
 
-    with pytest.raises(VendorRateLimitError):
+    with pytest.raises(VendorUnavailableError):
         call()
diff --git a/tradingagents/agents/tools.py b/tradingagents/agents/tools.py
index 872df4481..ef4949164 100644
--- a/tradingagents/agents/tools.py
+++ b/tradingagents/agents/tools.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from langchain_core.tools import tool
 from langgraph.prebuilt import InjectedState
 
 from tradingagents.dataflows.date_window import as_of, as_of_window
-from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorRateLimitError
+from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorUnavailableError
 from tradingagents.dataflows.router import route_to_vendor, vendor_unavailable
 from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.yahoo.snapshot import build_verified_market_snapshot
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def get_verified_market_snapshot(
     # An exception out of a tool would end the run.
     try:
         return build_verified_market_snapshot(symbol, as_of(curr_date, trade_date), look_back_days)
-    except VendorRateLimitError as exc:
+    except VendorUnavailableError as exc:
         return vendor_unavailable("get_verified_market_snapshot", exc)
 
 
diff --git a/tradingagents/dataflows/errors.py b/tradingagents/dataflows/errors.py
index 2ce6a0c46..3ea1c2a82 100644
--- a/tradingagents/dataflows/errors.py
+++ b/tradingagents/dataflows/errors.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ these (or a thin vendor-named subclass) and needs no new ``except`` clause.
 
     VendorError
     ├── NoMarketDataError          no usable rows (empty result OR stale data)
-    ├── VendorRateLimitError       transient throttle -> skip to next vendor
+    ├── VendorUnavailableError     throttled or failed request -> skip to next vendor
     └── VendorNotConfiguredError   missing API key/config -> vendor unavailable
 
 The number of types is the number of distinct router reactions, not the number
@@ -43,8 +43,11 @@ class NoMarketDataError(VendorError):
         super().__init__(msg)
 
 
-class VendorRateLimitError(VendorError):
-    """A vendor throttled the request; the router skips to the next vendor."""
+class VendorUnavailableError(VendorError):
+    """A vendor could not answer: it throttled or failed the request.
+
+    Says nothing about the instrument; the router skips to the next vendor.
+    """
 
 
 class VendorNotConfiguredError(VendorError, ValueError):
diff --git a/tradingagents/dataflows/router.py b/tradingagents/dataflows/router.py
index 72f95e5cf..f8e2b3c2d 100644
--- a/tradingagents/dataflows/router.py
+++ b/tradingagents/dataflows/router.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from tradingagents.dataflows.config import get_config
 from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import (
     NoMarketDataError,
     VendorNotConfiguredError,
-    VendorRateLimitError,
+    VendorUnavailableError,
 )
 from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.alpha_vantage import (
     get_balance_sheet as get_alpha_vantage_balance_sheet,
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ def get_vendor(category: str, method: str = None) -> str:
     return config.get("data_vendors", {}).get(category, "default")
 
 
-def vendor_unavailable(method: str, error: VendorRateLimitError) -> str:
+def vendor_unavailable(method: str, error: VendorUnavailableError) -> str:
     """What a call returns when every vendor was throttled or unreachable."""
     return (
         f"DATA_UNAVAILABLE: no configured vendor could serve {method} right now "
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def route_to_vendor(method: str, *args, **kwargs):
         vendor_chain = all_available_vendors
 
     last_no_data: NoMarketDataError | None = None
-    last_unavailable: VendorRateLimitError | None = None
+    last_unavailable: VendorUnavailableError | None = None
     first_error: Exception | None = None
     for vendor in vendor_chain:
         vendor_impl = VENDOR_METHODS[method][vendor]
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ def route_to_vendor(method: str, *args, **kwargs):
 
         try:
             return impl_func(*args, **kwargs)
-        except VendorRateLimitError as e:
+        except VendorUnavailableError as e:
             logger.warning("Vendor %r unavailable for %s: %s; trying next vendor.", vendor, method, e)
             # Kept so an all-unavailable chain can say the vendor was the
             # problem, rather than reporting nothing about the symbol.
diff --git a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/alpha_vantage/common.py b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/alpha_vantage/common.py
index 39ffb1d81..d8e47045f 100644
--- a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/alpha_vantage/common.py
+++ b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/alpha_vantage/common.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from io import StringIO
 
 import pandas as pd
 
-from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorNotConfiguredError, VendorRateLimitError
+from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorNotConfiguredError, VendorUnavailableError
 from tradingagents.dataflows.net import get_scrubbed
 
 API_BASE_URL = "https://www.alphavantage.co/query"
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def format_datetime_for_api(date_input, end_of_day: bool = False) -> str:
         raise ValueError(f"Date must be string or datetime object, got {type(date_input)}")
 
 
-class AlphaVantageRateLimitError(VendorRateLimitError):
+class AlphaVantageRateLimitError(VendorUnavailableError):
     """Raised when the Alpha Vantage API rate limit is exceeded."""
     pass
 
diff --git a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/sec_edgar.py b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/sec_edgar.py
index f9ccbadf2..240da0d6b 100644
--- a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/sec_edgar.py
+++ b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/sec_edgar.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import requests
 
 from tradingagents import __version__
 from tradingagents.dataflows.config import get_config
-from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorRateLimitError
+from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorUnavailableError
 from tradingagents.dataflows.files import replace_file
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -109,9 +109,9 @@ def _fetch_json(url: str) -> dict:
         status = getattr(getattr(exc, "response", None), "status_code", None)
         # Every failure here is "this vendor cannot serve it now", so the router
         # moves on instead of seeing a transport exception it has no rule for.
-        raise VendorRateLimitError(f"SEC EDGAR request failed ({status or type(exc).__name__})") from exc
+        raise VendorUnavailableError(f"SEC EDGAR request failed ({status or type(exc).__name__})") from exc
     except ValueError as exc:
-        raise VendorRateLimitError("SEC EDGAR returned an unreadable response") from exc
+        raise VendorUnavailableError("SEC EDGAR returned an unreadable response") from exc
 
 
 def _cached_json(url: str, name: str) -> dict:
diff --git a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/fundamentals.py b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/fundamentals.py
index 243c87704..98e3dacc8 100644
--- a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/fundamentals.py
+++ b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/fundamentals.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import pandas as pd
 import yfinance as yf
 
 from tradingagents.dataflows.date_window import withhold_live_profile
-from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorRateLimitError
+from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import VendorUnavailableError
 from tradingagents.dataflows.net import vendor_reachable
 from tradingagents.dataflows.symbols import normalize_symbol
 from tradingagents.dataflows.vendors.yahoo.ohlcv import (
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ def get_insider_transactions(
     # so report it plainly rather than treating the symbol as invalid.
     if data is None or data.empty:
         if not vendor_reachable(YAHOO_HOST):
-            raise VendorRateLimitError("Yahoo Finance is unreachable; insider filings were not retrieved")
+            raise VendorUnavailableError("Yahoo Finance is unreachable; insider filings were not retrieved")
         return f"No insider transactions reported for symbol '{canonical}'"
 
     if as_of_date:
diff --git a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/ohlcv.py b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/ohlcv.py
index b9b0a710e..b5b886c0a 100644
--- a/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/ohlcv.py
+++ b/tradingagents/dataflows/vendors/yahoo/ohlcv.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import yfinance as yf
 from yfinance.exceptions import YFRateLimitError
 
 from tradingagents.dataflows.config import get_config
-from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorRateLimitError
+from tradingagents.dataflows.errors import NoMarketDataError, VendorUnavailableError
 from tradingagents.dataflows.files import replace_file
 from tradingagents.dataflows.net import vendor_reachable
 from tradingagents.dataflows.symbols import normalize_symbol, safe_ticker_component
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def raise_for_empty(symbol: str, canonical: str, what: str) -> None:
     without this a Yahoo outage reads as "this symbol has no {what}".
     """
     if not vendor_reachable(YAHOO_HOST):
-        raise VendorRateLimitError(f"Yahoo Finance is unreachable; no {what} was retrieved")
+        raise VendorUnavailableError(f"Yahoo Finance is unreachable; no {what} was retrieved")
     raise NoMarketDataError(symbol, canonical, f"no {what}")
 
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def yf_retry(func, max_retries=3, base_delay=2.0):
     yfinance raises YFRateLimitError on HTTP 429 responses but does not
     retry them internally, so this wrapper retries them. A rate limit that
     outlasts the retries, or any other exception, is raised as
-    VendorRateLimitError: Yahoo answers an unknown symbol with an empty
+    VendorUnavailableError: Yahoo answers an unknown symbol with an empty
     result, so a request that raised failed in transit and says nothing about
     the symbol. ``func`` should build its own Ticker and make the request
     itself: a Ticker keeps a failed ``info`` fetch as done, so asking the same
@@ -60,11 +60,11 @@ def yf_retry(func, max_retries=3, base_delay=2.0):
                 logger.warning(f"Yahoo Finance rate limited, retrying in {delay:.0f}s (attempt {attempt + 1}/{max_retries})")
                 time.sleep(delay)
             else:
-                raise VendorRateLimitError(
+                raise VendorUnavailableError(
                     f"Yahoo Finance rate limited after {max_retries} retries: {exc}"
                 ) from exc
         except Exception as exc:
-            raise VendorRateLimitError(f"Yahoo Finance request failed: {type(exc).__name__}") from exc
+            raise VendorUnavailableError(f"Yahoo Finance request failed: {type(exc).__name__}") from exc
 
 
 def _ensure_date_column(data: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame: